Hiking - Know Your First Aid
Hiking is an exhilarating activity but since you're in rugged terrain and climbing steep grades there is a greater chance of injury. While odds are slim that you'll need it, knowing some basic advanced first aid should be a high priority. It's not just the increased risks of hiking but since you'll probably be far away from medical facilities, knowing your first aid is essential and can save a life.
If you're helping someone seriously injured the first thing to do is call out for help from other hikers. Even if you know your first aid, other hikers can assist in first aid and get help find a ranger. If you have one, try calling 911 from a cell phone; service areas sometimes reach into hiking areas.
Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation or CPR is a simple but lifesaving technique that restarts breathing and heart activity. Training classes are free and your place of work or a community center should have information. CPR is administered by ensuring the airway is clear and breathing into the mouth at intervals while watching for chest expansion. This may restart breathing but if not, chest compressions along the sternum are necessary. Again a class is necessary for properly learning CPR.
The Heimlich Maneuver can save a life if something gets lodged in the throat or windpipe. Usually a person will be unable to talk, turn blue, and have their hands around their neck in a choking gesture. Stand the person up, wrap your arms around their waist and clasp your one wrist with the other hand. Now give them a sharp inward jerk with your arms and hands between the ribcage and diaphragm. If the person is passed out and laying down then place him or her face up, straddle the person, place one hand over the over and give short, sharp thrusts in the same place (between the ribcage and the diaphragm). Repeat until the object is dislodged.
Due to rough and sometimes slippery terrain, a fall resulting in a fracture may occur. Some fractures are not major and may just cause discomfort. Compound fractures however, are more serious and are indicated by bone protruding through the skin. Not only must the limb be immobilized but since there is a flesh wound, the loss of blood must minimized. Wrap the wound with bandages and do not try to straight the bone. If help is not available, immobilize the limb by using branches and vines to make a splint.
Again, the odds are slim that an accident will happen while hiking but it's always better to error on the side of caution and learn the necessary first aid.
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Added: September 30, 2008
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